At first, we need to be clear about the emerge, origins and types of universities.University was born in the Middle Ages. The word “university” comes from the Latin. The initial advocates were guild organizations. It is divided into student university and teacher university. Student university is characterized by the student in charge of the school, the time of the class, and the content, teacher 's salary. But now it is out of the stage. Maybe we will miss it.
With the development of history，universities formed four functions：teaching、researching、social service and inherited culture. I will display to you.
Teaching is the first function. Such as University of Paris, University of Bologna and Salerno. At that time ，literature, medicine, law and theology are offered .The students will be a clergy or civil servant when finished the study. The law deals with commercial disputes
The second function was born in the nineteenth century. We know that prussia lost the war. The emperor attempted to rebuild the country, and education was an important aspect. But he did not have enough money to build a campus. So the palace, he wanted to give his brother became the campus. he appointment an educator named William Humboldt to reform the University of Berlin. Humboldt thought that seminar should be adopted and the university pay more attention in research. The University of Berlin has cultivated 26 Nobel Prize winners, as well as a large number of celebrities, It is the second function.
The third function: social service borned in eighteen sixty-two. Lincoln signed the Morrel Act, also known as land donation campaign. Means that the government provide land and money for university to promote local development. University of Wisconsin is famous for this. Zhongguancun belonges to this category too.
The forth function : culture inherited , proposed by Hujintao in the centennial celebration of Tsinghua University. He emphasized that university should be an important carrier of cultural heritage. |